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Departing from Fukuyama's 1992 proclamation of the triumph of liberal democracy, Kane (Univ. of Hull, UK) reclaims ideology as an area for study in international relations. For Kane, 21st-century fault lines lie not along boundaries between civilizations, but between the ideological traditions of republicanism and cosmopolitanism. Thus, he invokes Kagan (Of Paradise and Power, 2003), while asserting that republicanism is strong on both sides of the Atlantic and the East. Republicans assert governments' right to act autonomously on behalf of the political communities they represent; cosmopolitans focus on universal popular interests. Governments as diverse as those of the US, EU member states in certain circumstances, Putin's Russia, and the People's Republic of China all act unilaterally on behalf of their narrower political communities. Cosmopolitan movements led by nongovernmental organizations, intergovernmental organizations, and states (under other circumstances) attempt to subjugate individual and state autonomy to the needs of the environment, human rights, and sustainable development. Each movement is stymied by the other--from the Kyoto Treaty to the Second Gulf War and ratification of a new EU constitution. This work contributes to literatures in international relations theory, peace and justice studies, and global civil society. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above. S. P. Duffy Quinnipiac University
