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摘要
摘要
As the Internet has become flooded with untrustworthy information, some of which is intentionally misleading or erroneous, this book teaches web surfers how inaccurate data can affect their health, privacy, investments, business decisions, online purchases, and legal affairs. Bringing together the world's leading information-age observers, analysts, writers, and practitioners, this analysis reveals the Web as fertile ground for deception and misinformation. These experts provide hard-won advice on how to recognize misinformation in its myriad forms and disguises. Included are an array of tips on how to evaluate web sites for quality and bias, checklists for navigating the Internet more effectively, and advice for those who have been duped.
评论 (3)
《学校图书馆杂志》(School Library Journal)书评
Adult/High School-The 10 information-industry professionals who contributed essays to this book were commissioned to share their expertise in illuminating and analyzing the "dark side" of the Web. They aim to impart critical-awareness skills, a healthy dose of skepticism, and practical tips to Internet users. By coaching consumers to engage proactively in investigative search techniques, they want to educate an online community that will be less likely to fall prey to hoaxes, charitable scams, identity theft, medical or legal misinformation, and fraudulent e-commerce schemes. Chapters on how to evaluate Web sites and on how search engines work will be particularly valuable to students, arming them with checklists for establishing authority, strengthening their ability to discern bias, and alerting them to considerations of "paid placement" and subtle advertising in ranked search results. Each topic is thoughtfully addressed, documented with excellent examples, and, in some cases, accompanied by remedies or "countermeasures" to pursue to redress a grievance. An extensive index and a Webliography of quality sites mentioned in the text (many representing links to key government and nonprofit resources) round out the book. The multiple authorship of the text causes the writing to be a bit uneven; some chapters are readily accessible to casual readers, while others target a more sophisticated audience. Nevertheless, the book represents a welcome addition to the arsenal of tools offering guidance on identifying trustworthy, accurate data on the Web, and provides a public service by enumerating techniques for spotting misrepresentations.-Lynn Nutwell, Fairfax City Regional Library, VA (c) Copyright 2010. Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.
出版社周刊评论
There's a vast amount of intentionally misleading and erroneous information on the Web, says Anne P. Mintz, the director of knowledge management at Forbes Inc. To help readers recognize and deal with this problem, she has gathered 10 contributors to write Web of Deception: Misinformation on the Internet. The authors-who range from database experts to consultants to librarians-examine various pitfalls casual Internet users and professionals should watch out for. The subjects include e-commerce fraud, Web sites that "play doctor," identity theft, charity scams and more. One of the book's most revealing chapters is librarian LaJean Humphries's explanation of how to evaluate a Web site. She suggests considering who wrote the site's content, how often it is updated and if the document is well written. A "webliography" lists sites that offer quality information (among them, www.fraud.org and www.charitablechoices.org). Mintz's wise book will be of great help to parents, educators and every Internet surfer. (c) Copyright PWxyz, LLC. All rights reserved
《图书馆杂志》(Library Journal )书评
Edited by the director of knowledge management at Forbes Inc., this collection of essays on the use of the Internet to deceive intentionally brings together the experience of both information industry professionals and librarians in order to shed light on the darker corners of the Internet. Contributers include Mintz, Paul Piper, Susan Detwiler, Stephen Arnold, and Susan Feldman. Certainly deception and antisocial behavior (and gullible victims) preexisted long before the Internet; however, the electronic realm has proved to be a fertile playground for thieves, charlatans, and propagandists. The types of intentionally deceptive Internet activity covered include counterfeit web sites and web hoaxes, medical misinformation, corporate misinformation, identity theft, privacy invasion/data mining, charity scams, consumer fraud, questionable legal advice, and search engine/ad placement issues. Examples of intentional deception range from the hilarious to the potentially deadly. Other chapters provide information on evaluating web sites and using search engines and what to do if you are a victim of fraud. Short of unplugging from the Internet completely, there are ways to protect and advise library patrons who use the net, and this book provides detailed information, countermeasures, and useful web sites. It would be difficult for any print book to be up-to-date on the creatively devious ways that online users can be exploited on a daily basis. However, the remedies offered are still current and broad enough to be useful. Although data mining is discussed, a chapter on adware, or so-called "spyware," would be helpful in any future edition. Recommended for public, school, and academic librarians, especially those who teach information literacy workshops. [Index not seen.] Robert L. Battenfeld, Long Island Univ.-Southampton Coll. Lib., NY (c) Copyright 2010. Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted.
目录
Foreword | p. xiii |
Acknowledgments | p. xv |
Introduction: Lies, Damned Lies and the Internet | p. xvii |
Chapter 1 Web Hoaxes, Counterfeit Sites, and Other Spurious Information on the Internet | p. 1 |
A Rough Taxonomy | p. 1 |
Counterfeit Web Sites | p. 2 |
Suspicious Web Sites | p. 6 |
News | p. 7 |
Disinformation | p. 8 |
September 11, 2001 | p. 9 |
Subject-Specific Misinformation | p. 11 |
Science and Health Information | p. 11 |
Business | p. 12 |
Fictitious Sites | p. 13 |
Parodies and Spoofs | p. 14 |
Entertainment | p. 17 |
News Groups--LISTSERV and UseNet | p. 17 |
Hacks | p. 18 |
One Person Gathers What Another Person Spills | p. 18 |
Where to Go for Help | p. 20 |
Countermeasures | p. 22 |
Chapter 2 Charlatans, Leeches, and Old Wives: Medical Misinformation | p. 23 |
Please--Don't Help! | p. 25 |
Who Says and Why? | p. 25 |
Ouch! | p. 28 |
For One Thin Dime, One-Tenth of a Dollar | p. 31 |
Doctor? Who Needs a Doctor? | p. 34 |
Speaking Out of Both Sides of the Mouth | p. 36 |
You'll Need a Prescription for That | p. 37 |
One Last Villager | p. 38 |
When Does Breaking Health News Become Permanent Information? | p. 39 |
Avoiding the Charlatans | p. 41 |
Checklist for Ordering Medicines Online (Carol Ebbinghouse) | p. 46 |
References | p. 48 |
Chapter 3 It's a Dangerous World Out There: Misinformation in the Corporate Universe | p. 51 |
A Long History of Deception | p. 53 |
The Wicked Web They Weave | p. 54 |
Battling Elusive Rumors: Meet John Doe; Sue John Doe | p. 55 |
Sometimes It Is the Technology | p. 57 |
Pump and Dump--the Internet Way | p. 58 |
And Sometimes It Is the Company | p. 60 |
Other Tricks of the Trade | p. 61 |
Web Sleight of Hand | p. 63 |
General Net Confusion | p. 63 |
No Escape from a Dirty Web of Deception | p. 65 |
Will the Real Price Please Stand Up? | p. 65 |
The Dangers When Business Becomes Personal | p. 65 |
Rewriting Boundaries Electronically | p. 66 |
Keeping Up with Mouse Capers | p. 67 |
Prime Pickings for Bonnie and Clyde | p. 70 |
Where to Go for Help | p. 71 |
Countermeasures | p. 73 |
Chapter 4 Internet Users at Risk: The Identity/Privacy Target Zone | p. 75 |
Monitoring Action | p. 77 |
Data Mining | p. 78 |
The Lingo of Security | p. 78 |
More Silence, Please | p. 81 |
"Virtual" Criminals | p. 82 |
U.S. Military's Use of Social Security Numbers | p. 83 |
Old and New Crime Blend | p. 83 |
People: The Weak Link in Security | p. 84 |
Ignorance Equates to Vulnerability | p. 85 |
Mathematics and Privacy Empower Data Mining | p. 89 |
Legislation or Technology? | p. 93 |
References | p. 95 |
Chapter 5 Brother Have You Got a Dime? Charity Scams on the Web | p. 97 |
The Watchdogs | p. 100 |
Businesses Give, Too | p. 103 |
Using the Web to Avoid Charity Scams | p. 105 |
When to Suspect a Scam | p. 108 |
How to Report a Possible Charity Scam | p. 109 |
References | p. 111 |
Chapter 6 Welcome to the Dark Side: How E-Commerce, Online Consumer, and E-Mail Fraud Rely on Misdirection and Misinformation | p. 113 |
The Nigerian Letter: E-Mail Brings a Deadly Worldwide Scam into Your Home | p. 114 |
Web-Based Fraud: You Can Even Get It Retail | p. 116 |
Who's in Charge? | p. 119 |
Whose Laws Apply? | p. 122 |
What Can the Feds Do? | p. 123 |
What Can--or Can't--the States Do? | p. 124 |
Around the World Wide Web with Credit Card ... and Caution | p. 125 |
What to Watch Out For | p. 129 |
Going, Going, Gone for Good | p. 130 |
The Dirty Dozen | p. 132 |
Other FTC Activities | p. 137 |
Countermeasures | p. 139 |
Checklist for Consumer-Friendly Web Sites | p. 143 |
Where to Go for Help | p. 146 |
References | p. 148 |
Chapter 7 Make Sure You Read the Fine Print: Legal Advice on the Internet | p. 149 |
How to Locate Legal Information on Your Own | p. 154 |
How to Evaluate Professional Advice Sites on the Internet | p. 157 |
How to Evaluate Web-Based Directories of Professionals | p. 160 |
Recommended Reading | p. 162 |
Lawyers Meet the Net | p. 162 |
Legal Advice Sites | p. 162 |
Privacy Concerns | p. 163 |
Evaluating Legal Web Site Quality | p. 163 |
Chapter 8 How to Evaluate a Web Site | p. 165 |
Factors to Consider | p. 165 |
Looks Can Be Deceiving | p. 169 |
Sources of Web Reviews | p. 170 |
Sites to Help You with Evaluation | p. 170 |
The Critical Factor | p. 171 |
You Decide | p. 173 |
Chapter 9 This Is What I Asked For? The Searching Quagmire | p. 175 |
Deceptive Advertising Practices | p. 175 |
The Danger of Hidden Assumptions | p. 177 |
What's Going On Behind the Curtain? | p. 178 |
Outside Influences: Pernicious and Otherwise | p. 179 |
Misconceptions That Lead Us Astray | p. 180 |
Search Engine Assumptions About Searchers | p. 186 |
What Are We to Do? | p. 190 |
Recipes and Recommendations for Better Searching | p. 191 |
Is It Bias or Selection? | p. 192 |
A Quick Guide to How Search Engines Rank Pages | p. 194 |
Games Webmasters Play | p. 195 |
Chapter 10 How a Search Engine Works | p. 197 |
Document Processor | p. 198 |
Query Processor | p. 201 |
Search and Matching Functions | p. 204 |
What Document Features Make a Good Match to a Query | p. 205 |
Summary | p. 207 |
Chapter 11 Getting Mad, Getting Even, Getting Money: Remedies for Intentional Misinformation | p. 209 |
Getting Mad: Where and How to Complain | p. 209 |
The First Place to Complain | p. 209 |
Alternative Dispute Resolution | p. 210 |
Complaining to the Agencies | p. 212 |
Getting Even: The Revenge Web Site | p. 214 |
Getting Money: The Court Is Now in Session | p. 215 |
Evaluating Your Chances for Success | p. 218 |
Where to File Suit | p. 218 |
Intentional Misinformation: Fraud Actions | p. 221 |
Countering a Cybersmear of Your Company | p. 222 |
Government Agencies and Nongovernmental Organizations | p. 225 |
General Sites | p. 225 |
Government Agencies (Many with Online Complaint Forms) | p. 225 |
Industry and Self-Regulation Agencies | p. 226 |
References | p. 228 |
Endnote: What a Tangled Web We Weave | p. 229 |
Webliography | p. 235 |
Contributors | p. 247 |
Index | p. 253 |