Palestinian civil society : foreign donors and the power to promote and exclude

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Palestinian Civil Society examines the development of civil society in the Arab Middle East and the impact of western donors, with particular reference to the Palestinian case. Looking at the evolution of Palestinian civil society organizations from sociological, historical, legal, and institutional perspectives, the book sheds light on the involvement of donors in Palestine, and the effect that aid has had on Palestinian civil society at a social, political and ideological level.

Drawing on Arabic texts, political theory and a detailed survey of donors and local organizations, this book challenges culturalist views that there cannot be a 'vibrant civil society' in the Arab world and examines the issues of depoliticization of civil society, the rise of the Islamist sector, and the gradual defeat of the left in the Occupied Territories. The author looks at how the interaction between donors and NGOs is not only centred on a western model of civil society, but also evolves around institutional mechanisms and disciplinary discourses, affecting the ability of local NGOs to adapt to the institutional requirements set by international donors.

Accessible to non-specialists, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of sociology, Middle Eastern studies and development studies.

List of illustrations	p. vii
Acknowledgements	p. ix
List of abbreviations	p. x
1 Introduction: one civil society, two Palestines	p. 1
Cultures and civil society	p. 1
Two Palestines	p. 10
Overview of the book	p. 19
Data collection and sources	p. 20
Part I Clearing the ground	p. 23
2 Debating civil society: internationally and in the Arab Middle East	p. 25
Debating civil society	p. 25
Towards a new general definition: civil society as a source of autonomy	p. 34
Debating civil society in the Middle East	p. 36
Towards a renewed definition of civil society	p. 55
3 Setting the historical framework on Palestinian NGOs and international donors	p. 59
Palestinian civil society in historical perspective	p. 59
Donors in historical perspective	p. 73
International donors in Palestine	p. 76
Conclusions about these historical changes	p. 82
Part II Civil society at work	p. 85
4 International donors and the professionalization of civil society promotion	p. 87
Who are the donors and how do they operate?	p. 87
Donors' approaches to civil society	p. 94
Palestinian production of knowledge about civil society	p. 107
Conclusion: understanding various interpretations	p. 123
5 Managing the discourse of civil society	p. 129
Service-providing NGOs: the case of health	p. 130
Advocacy NGOs	p. 153
6 The exclusionary dimensions of civil society	p. 169
Unanswered questions	p. 169
The exclusionary power of civil society: political dimensions	p. 175
The exclusionary power of civil society: sociological dimensions	p. 185
The exclusionary power of civil society: ideological dimensions	p. 188
7 Conclusions: looking 'beyond the pale'	p. 192
Forced framings and the creation of heteronomy	p. 192
Of the necessity of looking 'beyond the pale'	p. 199
Appendix I Full list of interviews	p. 204
Appendix II Building graphs	p. 209
Appendix III Subjective perception	p. 211
Notes	p. 213
Bibliography	p. 237
Index	p. 257

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