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摘要
摘要
Challenging the commonly held assumption that men and women hail from different psychological and social "planets," this illuminating work reexamines what the empirical research really shows about how the sexes communicate in close relationships. The volume highlights evidence of similarities--as well as differences--between the two groups, and shows that stereotypical beliefs about men and women fail to predict their actual interaction behavior.
Defining key terms such as sex and gender, and reviewing the various meanings these terms take across a wide body of literature, the book first lays a clear conceptual foundation for the discussion to follow. The authors then draw from a wealth of social scientific research to explore such compelling topics as the ways men and women respond emotionally in relationships, communicate intimacy, control each other in conversation and conflict, and negotiate the division of labor in the household. Taking a balanced, careful approach, the authors assess the equality as well as the inequality that exists between men and women in their relationships, and show how reliance upon gender stereotypes in interaction changes in different situations and as relationships evolve. The volume concludes by setting forth the authors' theory of gender differences, which focuses on communication behavior as the means by which sex and gender role expectations are created and sustained.
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As the authors here note, the presumption of gender difference prevails in much thinking and writing, with the result that conventional wisdom now holds that men and women are so vastly different with respect to their personal and interpersonal "take" on the world that they might as well hail from different planets. This study is an invaluable resource for any serious reader who wishes to examine the actual knowledge base about similarities and differences between men and women in their personal relationships. It is a thorough review of the social science literature to date on gender orientation to the many aspects of personal relations: the expression of affect; the character of friendship; the establishment of intimacy; the exercise of control; the organization of the domestic division of labor; and the content of play leisure. The book is extremely well organized and lucidly written. Because of its encyclopedic scope, its many important summaries and interpretations cannot be detailed here. Its major contribution is as a corrective to a view of gender as dichotomous or dualistic, which can only lead back to essentialist and separatist thinking. Readers of this study are likely to see the wisdom of a revised view of gender as a cluster of activities subject to certain constraints and also as a relational construct that can be altered in the direction of equality as structural conditions affect interaction and negotiation. Upper-division undergraduates and above. M. R. Fowlkes University of Connecticut
目录
Preface |
1 Moving beyond Stereotypes |
2 Sex, Gender, and Emotion |
3 Communicating Intimacy |
4 Communicating Control |
5 Division of Household Labor |
6 Toward an Activity-Based View of Gender |