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摘要
摘要
America's colleges and universities are social institutions -- embedded in the wider society and subject in various ways to its constraining forces. In American Higher Education in the Twenty-first Century, researchers who share this understanding explore the new realities of higher education and consider its greatest challenges for the next century. Subject to increasing scrutiny by the media and the public, colleges and universities must wrestle with a wide range of issues generated by their various external constituencies. Academic leaders rearrange their curricula to meet demands for multiculturalism. They seek an appropriate response as race-based admissions procedures come under attack. They assess student learning and monitor faculty productivity--while simultaneously responding to calls for the end of tenure and for explanations of why the cost of attending college has risen so dramatically. Using the changing social, political, and economic contexts of colleges and universities as a lens for examining these complex issues, the contributors seek to understand the forces -- whether unique to our era or rooted in the past -- that currently influence higher education and will continue to do so in the next century. Whether discussing finance or technology or academic freedom or the canon, the authors find that relations between academic institutions and their surrounding societies have generally been ambivalent: both involved and withdrawn, servicing and criticizing, needing and being needed. Understanding the complex interplay between institutions and external forces, they conclude, is the key to guiding the endeavors of faculty, students, and administrative leaders alike.
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The authors use an ecological approach as the integrating theme for this volume, which explores the relationships between the social institutions of higher education and the external environment--society. It is an excellent overview of most, if not all, of the major challenges that institutions of higher education are facing today and will continue to experience in the future. The volume consists of an introduction and 17 chapters grouped into four parts. "The Setting" consists of five chapters that examine how higher education has evolved and a closing chapter on the key issues that will face higher education in the 21st century. Part 2, "External Forces," describes how external constituencies influence and control the shape of higher education; part 3, "The Academic Community," discusses how external forces affect faculty, students, and administration. "Central Issues,"(part 4) analyzes five of the important issues that higher education will be facing in the 21st century. Each chapter is well written and provides a wealth of information that enables the reader to acquire informed opinions on the status of higher education in the US. Recommended for general readers, graduate students, faculty, and professionals. J. F. Biter; St. Bonaventure University
目录
Introduction: The Contexts of American Higher Education | p. 1 |
Part 1 The Setting | |
Chapter 1 Patterns in Higher Education Development | p. 15 |
Chapter 2 The Ten Generations of American Higher Education | p. 38 |
Chapter 3 Autonomy and Accountability: Who Controls Academe? | p. 71 |
Chapter 4 Academic Freedom: Past, Present, and Future beyond September 11 | p. 91 |
Chapter 5 Challenges Facing Higher Education in the Twenty-First Century | p. 115 |
Part 2 External Forces | |
Chapter 6 The Federal Government and Higher Education | p. 163 |
Chapter 7 The States and Higher Education | p. 198 |
Chapter 8 The Legal Environment: The Implementation of Legal Change on Campus | p. 226 |
Chapter 9 The Hidden Hand: External Constituencies and Their Impact | p. 253 |
Part 3 The Academic Community | |
Chapter 10 Harsh Realities: The Professoriate Faces a New Century | p. 287 |
Chapter 11 College Students in Changing Contexts | p. 315 |
Chapter 12 The Dilemma of Presidential Leadership | p. 340 |
Part 4 Central Issues for the Twenty-First Century | |
Chapter 13 Financing Higher Education: Who Should Pay? | p. 369 |
Chapter 14 Technology and Higher Education: Opportunities and Challenges for the New Era | p. 393 |
Chapter 15 Graduate Education and Research: Interdependence and Strain | p. 425 |
Chapter 16 Curriculum in Higher Education: The Historical Roots of Contemporary Issues | p. 462 |
Chapter 17 Markets in Higher Education: Students in the Seventies, Patents in the Eighties, Copyrights in the Nineties | p. 486 |
Chapter 18 Race in Higher Education: Making Meaning of an Elusive Moving Target | p. 517 |
Contributors | p. 537 |
Index | p. 543 |