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摘要
摘要
This is a multi-disciplinary reference source which covers 4000 laws, principles and hypotheses from the sciences, linguistics, psychology, sociology, economics, philosophy, history, the arts and jurisprudence. The book is intended to be accessible to students, researchers and lay people who wish to find a simple explanation of any theory, and also who thought of it and when.
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As the tide of information flows, one half-hears passing references to such principles as "small is beautiful" (economics) or "Pygmalion" (psychology). This ingenious volume supplies the key to what might be called "theory literacy." Acknowledging the broadly construed meanings for the concept of theory, the editor offers brief explanations of more than 4,000 "theories ... principles, hypotheses, rules, paradoxes, (and) laws," covering a wide spectrum of subject fields. Entries vary from about 25 to 200 words in length and normally include for each theory: subject discipline; date, name, and nationality of the discoverer; a succinct description and comment on its validity; cross-references to related theories; and the initials of one of the 25 British contributors. Longer entries include a single bibliographical reference. Three helpful features make this volume more usable: a seven-page selective bibliography of presumably basic books in 13 subjects; an index of people mentioned in the entries, accompanied by vital dates, profession, and associated theories; and an index of entries arranged by subject field. Despite its unevenness and British perspective, the work is well conceived and recommended for a spectrum of libraries, high school to research. D. G. Davis Jr.; University of Texas at Austin