Black pioneers : images of the Black experience on the North American frontier

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The image of the pioneer as white, male, strong, independent, Protestant, and native-born was created in popular literature towards the end of the 19th century, perhaps as a reaction against increased immigration and urbanization on the east coast. Ravage (communications, U. of Wyoming-Laramie) furthers the struggle to disseminate a truer image by assembling over 200 photographs never published before depicting African-Americans in the West. They are supported by substantial text, drawings, and reproductions of contemporary documents. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

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Pioneers in the Old West, to a large extent, have been portrayed as white men, and the roles played by African American men and women have been largely overlooked. Ravage goes a long way in demonstrating that the West was not won by a homogenous group of cowboys and homesteaders. Heavily illustrated with 200 photographs from the author's private collection, many published here for the first time, his book provides graphic evidence of the full range of the African American experience in the West. Starting with the earliest available photographs dating from the mid-1800s, Ravage follows the entire westward expansion; the accompanying text emphasizes that the American West represented diverse races, philosophies, and accomplishments, all linked by people's courage and drive to dare the frontier. A work that is relatively free of the over-revisionism that in recent years has become common in many western studies, this is recommended for collections of both African American studies and western Americana. (Reviewed December 15, 1997)0874805465Fred Egloff

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In this handsomely crafted book, Ravage, a professor of media, employs more than 200 images of blacks, slave and free, men and women, to document African American social history from the mid-19th to the early 20th century along the North American frontier. He frames rare iconographic items (many never before published) around broad themes with minimal contextual analysis and generally superficial narrative. The illustrations include photographs, prints, lithographs, engravings, maps, paintings, sketches, advertising cards, slides, newspaper articles, woodcuts, statues, and stereographs. Ravage arranges them thematically in chapters on white racial and cultural stereotypes, black soldiers, cowboys, and women. Geographical chapters depict blacks in the Plains states, desert and mountain territories, Alaska, Hawaii, and Canada. As Ravage suggests, blacks held diverse roles in the emerging West. They served as cowboys, lawmen, soldiers, laundresses, postmistresses, nurses, servants, miners, loggers, whalers, agricultural laborers, barbers, teachers, and also plied many other trades. They raised families, established communities, fought among themselves--in short, they struggled and persevered like other frontier folk. Though it provides little new factual or interpretative material, Black Pioneers underscores the rich contributions of blacks to the history of the American West. For all school and public library collections. J. D. Smith; North Carolina State University

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