可借阅:*
图书馆 | 资料类型 | 排架号 | 子计数 | 书架位置 | 状态 | 图书预约 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
正在检索... Science | Book | 155.8 T366F, 2001 | 1 | Stacks | 正在检索... 未知 | 正在检索... 不可借阅 |
链接这些题名
已订购
摘要
摘要
Without taking a single psychology course, ordinary people learn to understand, predict, and explain one anther′s actions, thoughts, and motivations. Many cognitive scientists and philosophers claim that our everyday or folk understanding of mental states constitutes a theory of mind. That theory is widely called folk psychology (sometimes-commonsense psychology). The terms in which folk psychology are couched are familiar ones of "belief" and "desire," "hunger," "pain," and so forth. According to many theorists, folk psychology plays a central role in our capacity to predict and explain the behavior of ourselves and of others. This book has two goals: (a) to provide a framework for analyzing folk psychologies, and (b) to describe multiple forms that folk psychologies assume in different cultures.
Features/Benefits:
· Cross-cultural perspectives illustrate typical variations of folk thinking in the world′s cultures and help readers understand the varied ways that people they encounter will likely view life.
· Each chapter opens with and is structured around a central question the chapter is designed to answer, inviting the reader to participate in exploring the issue at hand. A concluding chapter, "Trends in Folk Psychologies," addresses the value of studying folk psychologies and what can be
评论 (1)
Choice 评论
Whereas other works have focused on theory building--e.g., Forrest Tyler's Cultures, Communities, Competence, and Change, 2001)--Thomas (emer., Univ. of California, Santa Barbara) reviews many of the same subjects from within the many cultures mentioned, compiling a comprehensive catalog of behaviors, perspectives, interpretations, and ideologies. Experienced and authoritative, the author has many publications to his name. Each of the treated topics in this diligent compilation--topics ranging from competence, values, humor, gender, and self to rites, prohibitions, time, and knowing--is presented from many different folk psychology perspectives, allowing useful comparisons and shedding light on common sources of misunderstanding. The author goes beyond simple illustrative cataloging, however, gathering each subject area under several straightforward propositions. The final chapter turns the focus to the purpose, history, and future of folk psychology, from the perspectives of individuals and societies. The sections having to do with the value of knowing a variety of folk psychologies, the relation of folk beliefs to innovative psychologies, and the processes of change should be mandatory reading for students hoping to be service providers and for professionals with a multicultural clientele. L. M. C. Abbott Trapp formerly, California School of Professional Psychology
目录
Preface |
1 Diverse Cultures, Diverse Psycholgies |
Contrasting Conceptions of Folk Psychology |
Cultural Diversity |
The Book's Twofold Purpose |
Delineating the Domain of Folk Psychologies |
Sources of Evidence |
The Evolution of Folk Psychologies |
The Book's Structure |
2 Reality |
Dimensions of Reality |
Reality and Cultural Change |
3 Knowing |
Knowledge Processes and Sources |
Cultural Change and the State of Knowledge |
4 Cause |
Aspects of Causality |
Cultural Change and Beliefs About Cause |
5 Competence |
Kinds of Competence |
Conceptions of Impairment |
Cultural Change and Competence |
6 Values |
Types of Values in Folk Psycholgies |
Values and Cultural Change |
7 Emotions |
The Universality of Emotions |
Learning Emotional Responses |
Event and Emotion Connections |
Emotions and Cultural Change |
8 Humor |
Examples of Folk Humor |
Humor and Cultural Change |
9 Self and Not-Self |
Psychological Identification |
Stereotypical Roles Versus Individualism |
The Presentation of Self |
Self and Cultural Change |
10 Rites and Rituals |
Functions of Rites and Rituals |
Rituals and Cultural Change |
11 Time and the Life Span |
Versions of Historical Time |
The Human Life Span |
Cultural Change and Concepts of Time |
12 Gender and Sex |
Gender Variations Across Folk Psychologies |
Gender and Cultural Change |
Sexual Orientation |
Sexual Behavior |
Cultural Change and Sexual Orientation |
13 Prohibitions |
Forms and Soruces and Prohibitions |
Functions of Prohibitions |
Prohibitions and Cultural Change |
14 Folk Psychologies' Significance and Trends |
The Study of Folk Psychologies |
Hindsight |
Foresight |
References |
Name Index |
Subject Index |
About the Author |