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摘要
摘要
Provides up-to-date, accurate information on some of the most important topics for dental hygiene students, including antineoplastic drugs, respiratory and gastrointestinal drugs, hormones, and drugs used to treat common oral entities. The book is organized into four sections that deal with the basic principles of pharmacology, drugs grouped by class, mainteinance drugs, emergency drugs and what effects pregnancy and breast feeding have on dental treatment, drug interactions, and drug abuse. Numerous tables and colorful graphics are included.
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Doody 图书评论
This book is a compilation of current information available from the field of pharmacology as it impacts on the management of patients by the dental hygienist. The purpose is to educate dental hygienists in a manner which prepares them to manage patients who may be taking a wide variety of medications. It is intended for training dental hygiene students as well as to serve as a useful reference for practicing dental hygienists. The contents include two-color charts, current reference material, and flow charts. These are easy-to-use reference sources to quickly assess patient medications and their impact on planned dental care. Keeping up with changes in pharmacology is imperative for the safe and effective practice of dental medicine. This text serves to better define the indications for pre-medication and drug interactions relative to dental hygiene treatment. The reference section is extremely useful to support clinical decision making. It should also prove to be very useful in th e arena of teaching, continuing education, in-service, and training lectures. Finally this book will be of value when patients pose questions regarding the medications they are taking. The author has done an excellent job of addressing these issues through this text. Michael F. Gewerth, RDH(University of Chicago Medical Center). Copyright 2001, Doody Publishing
目录
Section 1 General Principles | p. 1 |
1 Information, Sources, and Regulatory Agencies | p. 3 |
History | p. 4 |
Pharmacology and the Oral Health Care Providers | p. 4 |
Sources of Information | p. 6 |
Drug Names | p. 9 |
Federal Regulatory Agencies | p. 13 |
Review Questions | p. 13 |
2 Drug Action and Handling | p. 15 |
Characterization of Drug Action | p. 16 |
Mechanism of Action of Drugs | p. 19 |
Routes of Administration and Dosage Forms | p. 28 |
Pharmacokinetics | p. 32 |
Factors That Alter Drug Effects | p. 46 |
Calculation of Children's Dosage | p. 48 |
Review Questions | p. 49 |
3 Adverse Reactions | p. 51 |
Definitions and Classifications | p. 52 |
Clinical Manifestations of Adverse Reactions | p. 53 |
Toxicologic Evaluation of Drugs | p. 56 |
Review Questions | p. 58 |
4 Prescription Writing | p. 61 |
Measurement | p. 62 |
Prescriptions | p. 64 |
Drug Legislation | p. 70 |
Review Questions | p. 72 |
Section 2 Drugs Used in Dentistry | p. 73 |
5 Autonomic Drugs | p. 75 |
Autonomic Nervous System | p. 76 |
Parasympathetic Autonomic Nervous System (PANS) | p. 84 |
Sympathetic Nervous System | p. 91 |
Review Questions | p. 100 |
6 Nonopioid (Nonnarcotic) Analgesics | p. 103 |
Pain | p. 104 |
Classification | p. 105 |
Salicylates | p. 106 |
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Agents (NSAIAS) or Drugs (NSAIDS) | p. 116 |
Acetaminophen | p. 123 |
Drugs Used to Treat Gout | p. 125 |
Review Questions | p. 126 |
7 Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists | p. 129 |
History | p. 129 |
Terminology | p. 130 |
Classification | p. 130 |
Mechanism of Action | p. 130 |
Pharmacokinetics | p. 131 |
Pharmacologic Effects | p. 134 |
Adverse Reactions | p. 135 |
Specific Opioids | p. 138 |
Dental Use of Opioids | p. 144 |
Review Questions | p. 145 |
8 Antiinfective Agents | p. 147 |
Dental Infection "Evolution," | p. 150 |
History | p. 151 |
Definitions | p. 152 |
Culture and Sensitivity | p. 154 |
Indications for Antimicrobial Agents | p. 156 |
General Adverse Reactions Associated with Antiinfective Agents | p. 158 |
Penicillins | p. 160 |
Macrolides | p. 167 |
Tetracyclines | p. 170 |
Clindamycin | p. 174 |
Metronidazole | p. 176 |
Cephalosporins | p. 178 |
Antimicrobial Agents for Nondental Use | p. 182 |
Antituberculosis Agents | p. 186 |
Topical Antibiotics | p. 189 |
Dentistry | p. 190 |
Review Questions | p. 195 |
9 Antifungal and Antiviral Agents | p. 197 |
Antifungal Agents | p. 197 |
Antiviral Agents | p. 205 |
Review Questions | p. 211 |
10 Local Anesthetics | p. 213 |
History | p. 214 |
Ideal Local Anesthetic | p. 214 |
Chemistry | p. 215 |
Mechanism of Action | p. 215 |
Pharmacokinetics | p. 218 |
Pharmacologic Effects | p. 219 |
Adverse Reactions | p. 220 |
Composition of Local Anesthetic Solutions | p. 222 |
Local Anesthetic Agents | p. 223 |
Vasoconstrictors | p. 226 |
Choice of Local Anesthetic | p. 230 |
Topical Anesthetics | p. 233 |
Dosages of Local Anesthetic and Vasoconstrictor | p. 234 |
Review Questions | p. 235 |
11 Antianxiety Agents | p. 237 |
Definitions | p. 240 |
Benzodiazepines | p. 241 |
Barbiturates | p. 251 |
Nonbarbiturate Sedative-Hypnotics | p. 254 |
Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants | p. 256 |
Miscellaneous Agents | p. 257 |
General Comments about Antianxiety Agents | p. 258 |
Review Questions | p. 259 |
12 General Anesthetics | p. 261 |
History | p. 262 |
Mechanism of Action | p. 262 |
Adverse Reactions | p. 265 |
General Anesthetics | p. 265 |
Balanced General Anesthesia | p. 276 |
Review Questions | p. 276 |
13 Vitamins and Minerals | p. 277 |
Measurement of Vitamin Needs | p. 278 |
Fallacious Reasoning about Vitamins | p. 279 |
Water-Soluble Vitamins | p. 280 |
Fat-Soluble Vitamins | p. 291 |
Selected Minerals | p. 297 |
Drug-Induced Vitamin Deficiencies | p. 300 |
Review Questions | p. 301 |
14 Oral Conditions and Their Treatment | p. 303 |
Infectious Lesions | p. 304 |
Immune Reactions | p. 308 |
Miscellaneous Oral Conditions | p. 310 |
Inflammation | p. 311 |
Drug-induced Oral Side Effects | p. 312 |
Common Agents Used to Treat Oral Lesions | p. 316 |
Section 3 Drugs That May Alter Dental Treatment | p. 319 |
15 Cardiovascular Drugs | p. 321 |
Dental Implications of Cardiovascular Disease | p. 322 |
Cardiac Glycosides | p. 324 |
Antiarrhythmic Agents | p. 327 |
Antianginal Drugs | p. 333 |
Antihypertensive Agents | p. 337 |
Antihyperlipidemic Agents | p. 355 |
Drugs That Affect Blood Coagulation | p. 358 |
Review Questions | p. 364 |
16 Anticonvulsants | p. 365 |
Epilepsy | p. 365 |
Drug Therapy of Patients with Epilepsy | p. 368 |
Dental Treatment of the Patient with Epilepsy | p. 375 |
Review Questions | p. 376 |
17 Psychotherapeutic Agents | p. 379 |
Psychiatric Disorders | p. 380 |
Antipsychotic Agents | p. 382 |
Antidepressant Agents | p. 388 |
Drugs for Treatment of Bipolar Depression | p. 393 |
18 Autacoids and Antihistamines | p. 395 |
Histamine | p. 396 |
Antihistamines (H1-Receptor Antagonists) | p. 397 |
Peripheral (Nonsedating) H1-Receptor Antagonists | p. 401 |
Other Autacoids | p. 402 |
Review Questions | p. 405 |
19 Adrenocorticosteroids | p. 407 |
Mechanism of Release | p. 408 |
Classification | p. 408 |
Definitions | p. 409 |
Routes of Administration | p. 409 |
Mechanism of Action | p. 409 |
Pharmacologic Effects | p. 410 |
Adverse Reactions | p. 410 |
Uses | p. 411 |
Corticosteroid Products | p. 413 |
Dental Implications | p. 413 |
Review Questions | p. 417 |
20 Other Hormones | p. 419 |
Pituitary Hormones | p. 420 |
Thyroid Hormones | p. 422 |
Pancreatic Hormones | p. 424 |
Female Sex Hormones | p. 436 |
Male Sex Hormones | p. 440 |
Other Agents That Affect Sex Hormone Systems | p. 441 |
Review Questions | p. 442 |
21 Antineoplastic Drugs | p. 445 |
Use of Antineoplastic Agents | p. 446 |
Mechanisms of Action | p. 447 |
Classification | p. 448 |
Adverse Drug Effects | p. 450 |
Review Questions | p. 453 |
22 Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Drugs | p. 455 |
Respiratory Drugs | p. 456 |
Drugs Used to Treat Respiratory Diseases | p. 458 |
Gastrointestinal Drugs | p. 465 |
Drugs Used to Treat Gastrointestinal Diseases | p. 466 |
Review Questions | p. 472 |
Section 4 Special Situations | p. 473 |
23 Emergency Drugs | p. 475 |
General Measures | p. 476 |
Categories of Emergencies | p. 477 |
Emergency Kit for the Dental Office | p. 481 |
Review Questions | p. 484 |
24 Pregnancy and Breast Feeding | p. 487 |
General Principles | p. 488 |
Pregnancy | p. 488 |
Breast Feeding | p. 489 |
Dental Drugs | p. 491 |
Review Questions | p. 496 |
25 Drug Interactions | p. 499 |
Mechanisms of Interactions | p. 500 |
Dental Drug Interactions | p. 502 |
Summary | p. 509 |
Review Questions | p. 509 |
26 Drug Abuse | p. 511 |
General Considerations | p. 513 |
Central Nervous System Depressants | p. 516 |
Central Nervous System Stimulants | p. 524 |
Psychedelics (Hallucinogens) | p. 527 |
Review Questions | p. 528 |
Appendixes | p. 531 |
Appendix A Top 200 Drugs | p. 533 |
Appendix B The Latest Drugs on the Market | p. 541 |
Appendix C Commonly Prescribed Dental Drugs | p. 545 |
Appendix D Medical Acronyms | p. 557 |
Appendix E Medical Terminology | p. 561 |
Appendix F Internet Searches | p. 563 |
Appendix G What If...? | p. 567 |
Appendix H Oral Manifestations--Xerostomia and Taste Changes | p. 575 |
Appendix I Altered Pharmacokinetics | p. 579 |
Appendix J Natural/Herbal Products | p. 581 |
Glossary | p. 587 |