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摘要
摘要
Loretta Fowler offers a new perspective on Native American politics by examining how power on multiple levels infuses the everyday lives and consciousness of the Cheyenne and Arapaho peoples of Oklahoma.
Cheyennes and Arapahos today energetically pursue a variety of commercial enterprises, including gaming and developing retail businesses, and they operate a multitude of social programs. Such revitalization and economic mobilization, however, have not unambiguously produced greater tribal sovereignty. Tribal members challenge and often work vigorously to undermine their tribal government's efforts to strengthen the tribe as an independent political, economic, and cultural entity; at the same time, political consensus and tribal unity are continually recognized and promoted in powwows and dances. Why is there conflict in one sphere of Cheyenne-Arapaho politics and cooperation in the other?
The key to the dynamics of current community life, Fowler contends, is found in the complicated relationship between the colonizer and the colonized that emerges in Fourth World or postcolonial settings. For over a century the lives of Cheyennes and Arapahos have been affected simultaneously by forces of resistance and domination. These circumstances are reflected in their constructions of history. Cheyennes and Arapahos accommodate an ideology that buttresses social forms of domination and helps mold experiences and perceptions. They also selectively recognize and resist such domination. Drawing upon a decade of fieldwork and archival research, Tribal Sovereignty and the Historical Imagination provides an insightful and provocative analysis of how Cheyenne and Arapaho constructions of history influence tribal politics today.
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Virtually all scholars and social activists support the expansion of Native American sovereign rights, but few have studied the often-confusing effects of this process. Award-winning anthropologist Fowler (Univ. of Oklahoma) provides one of the few microcosmic investigations of this phenomenon, and she does so in a fair and balanced way. Three initial chapters survey the evolution of reservation life between 1869 and 1976, during which the Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho remained under the auspices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and other federal agencies. Passage of the 1975 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act promised a brighter future, whereby tribal members would exercise increased control over their own lives. Unfortunately, hopeful expectations gave way to a reality based on continued government authority and increased rank and file opposition to ever-changing tribal governments. In contrast to the factious relationship between Indian office-holders and the electorate, ceremonial relationships have continued in a traditional consensus-building style. While powwows and rituals remain positive experiences for all tribal members, votes on even minor political and economic issues stir passions and exacerbate dissension. Based on solid archival research and a decade of field research, this excellent book will find its primary audience among academicians. All levels and collections. M. L. Tate University of Nebraska at Omaha