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摘要
摘要
This book is uniquely designed to meet the study needs of paralegal students enrolled in a course on fundamentals of bankruptcy, while also serving as a resource and reference for the paralegal in practice. The book covers the topic in a five-level approach. The overview of the substantive law of bankruptcy and insights into why the law provides what is does is followed by a discussion of the written and unwritten rules of procedure in how the law is implemented. The reader is then guided through the maze of bankruptcy practice using such tools as timelines, checklists and aids for analysis. The book concludes with a test of knowledge through hands-on experience in performing tasks that are common in actual practice. A discussion of ethics within each chapter, the Bankruptcy Code and Rules and references to relevant Web sites and software round out the material.
目录
Preface | p. xv |
1 Introduction | p. 1 |
An Overview of Bankruptcy | p. 1 |
The History of Bankruptcy | p. 2 |
Bankruptcy Law in the United States | p. 3 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 7 |
Summary | p. 7 |
Key Terms | p. 7 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 8 |
2 The Bankruptcy Code and the Bankruptcy Rules | p. 9 |
Summary of the Bankruptcy Code | p. 9 |
The Format | p. 9 |
The General Provisions--Chapter 1 | p. 9 |
Case Administration--Chapter 3 | p. 10 |
Creditors, the Debtor, and the Estate--Chapter 5 | p. 11 |
Liquidation--Chapter 7 | p. 12 |
Reorganization--Chapter 11 | p. 17 |
Individual Reorganizations--Chapter 13 | p. 22 |
The Family Farmer--Chapter 12 | p. 24 |
Municipality Reorganizations--Chapter 9 | p. 26 |
The Rules Governing Bankruptcy Practice and Procedure | p. 26 |
Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure | p. 26 |
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure | p. 27 |
Local Rules | p. 28 |
General Orders | p. 28 |
Official Forms | p. 28 |
Bankruptcy Crimes | p. 29 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 30 |
Summary | p. 30 |
Key Terms | p. 31 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 31 |
3 The Role of the Paralegal in Bankruptcy Practice | p. 33 |
The Paralegal's Role in Bankruptcy Practice | p. 33 |
Community Legal Services | p. 33 |
Legal Departments of Corporations, Banking and Lending Institutions, and Government Agencies | p. 34 |
Law Firms | p. 34 |
Representing Creditors | p. 34 |
Representing Debtors | p. 34 |
Representing Committees | p. 35 |
Representing Trustees | p. 35 |
Independent Paralegals | p. 35 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 36 |
Summary | p. 37 |
Key Terms | p. 37 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 38 |
4 The Building Blocks of Bankruptcy Law | p. 39 |
Automatic Stay | p. 39 |
In General | p. 39 |
Automatic Stay Provisions | p. 39 |
Executory Contracts and Unexpired Leases | p. 42 |
In General | p. 42 |
Rejection | p. 43 |
Assumption | p. 44 |
Timing | p. 45 |
Special Situations | p. 45 |
Procedures | p. 47 |
Other Substantive Law Important in Bankruptcy Practice | p. 47 |
The Uniform Commercial Code | p. 48 |
In General | p. 48 |
Article 2--Sales | p. 48 |
Article 9--Secured Transactions | p. 50 |
Other Applicable UCC Provisions | p. 56 |
Real Estate Ownership and Financing | p. 57 |
Real Property Interests | p. 57 |
Real Estate Financing | p. 59 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 60 |
Summary | p. 60 |
Key Terms | p. 61 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 62 |
5 Bankruptcy Legal Research and Writing | p. 65 |
Legal Research | p. 65 |
Sources | p. 66 |
Secondary Sources | p. 68 |
Legal Writing | p. 77 |
General Rules of Legal Writing | p. 77 |
Citation Format | p. 78 |
Table of Contents and Authorities | p. 78 |
Computer-Aided Legal Research | p. 79 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 83 |
Summary | p. 83 |
Key Terms | p. 84 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 84 |
Research Project | p. 84 |
6 Bankruptcy Litigation and Appeals | p. 85 |
Jurisdiction | p. 85 |
In General | p. 85 |
Core and Noncore Proceedings | p. 86 |
Withdrawal of Reference | p. 87 |
Abstention | p. 87 |
Venue | p. 87 |
Removal | p. 88 |
Type of Proceeding | p. 88 |
In General | p. 88 |
Adversary Proceedings | p. 89 |
Contested Matters | p. 95 |
Appeals | p. 95 |
Local Rules | p. 97 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 97 |
Summary | p. 97 |
Key Terms | p. 98 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 98 |
Research Project | p. 98 |
Drafting Project | p. 98 |
7 Beginning a Bankruptcy Case | p. 99 |
Considering Whether a Bankruptcy Case May or Should Be Filed | p. 99 |
Limitations on Filing a Bankruptcy Case | p. 99 |
Choosing the Right Chapter | p. 100 |
Substantial Abuse | p. 102 |
Case Preparation | p. 103 |
Client Relationships | p. 103 |
File Management | p. 103 |
Gathering Information | p. 105 |
Case Commencement | p. 107 |
The Checklist | p. 107 |
The Petition and Supporting Documents | p. 107 |
The Filing Fee | p. 120 |
The Schedules | p. 122 |
The Statement of Financial Affairs | p. 134 |
The Master Mailing List | p. 151 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 153 |
Summary | p. 153 |
Key Terms | p. 154 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 154 |
Drafting Project | p. 155 |
8 Chapter 7: The Debtor's Perspective | p. 157 |
Discharge | p. 157 |
Discharge in General | p. 157 |
Loss of a Discharge | p. 157 |
Procedure | p. 158 |
Revocation of a Discharge Already Granted | p. 158 |
Dismissal of a Discharge Action | p. 160 |
Dischargeability | p. 161 |
Claims That Are Always Nondischargeable | p. 161 |
Claims That May Be Nondischargeable | p. 161 |
Procedures | p. 162 |
Reaffirmations | p. 162 |
Exemptions | p. 165 |
Lien Avoidance | p. 171 |
Redemptions | p. 172 |
Converting or Dismissing the Case | p. 176 |
Changing Chapters | p. 176 |
Dismissing a Bankruptcy Case | p. 177 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 177 |
Summary | p. 178 |
Key Terms | p. 178 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 178 |
Research Projects | p. 180 |
Drafting Projects | p. 180 |
9 Chapter 7: The Trustee's Perspective | p. 181 |
Collecting the Estate | p. 181 |
Locating Property of the Estate | p. 181 |
Safeguarding Business Assets | p. 182 |
Turnover | p. 183 |
Improper Postpetition Transfers | p. 186 |
Preferences | p. 187 |
Statutory Liens | p. 193 |
Fraudulent Transfers or Obligations | p. 197 |
Other Avoiding Powers | p. 199 |
Liquidating the Estate | p. 199 |
Abandonment | p. 199 |
Sale of Assets | p. 202 |
Financing the Liquidation | p. 206 |
Employment and Compensation of Professionals | p. 211 |
Employment of Professionals | p. 211 |
Compensation of Professionals | p. 213 |
Distributing the Estate | p. 219 |
Objections to Claims | p. 219 |
Payment of Claims | p. 221 |
Closing the Case | p. 225 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 225 |
Summary | p. 228 |
Key Terms | p. 229 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 229 |
Research Projects | p. 231 |
Drafting Projects | p. 231 |
10 Chapters 12 and 13: Family Farmer and Individual Reorganizations | p. 233 |
Chapter 13 | p. 233 |
Chapter 13 Administration | p. 233 |
The Chapter 13 Plan | p. 238 |
Plan Modifications | p. 243 |
Life During the Plan | p. 244 |
Discharge | p. 244 |
Converting, Dismissing, and Closing the Case | p. 245 |
Chapter 12 | p. 247 |
Chapter 12 Administration | p. 247 |
The Chapter 12 Plan | p. 249 |
Discharge | p. 252 |
Converting, Dismissing, and Closing the Case | p. 254 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 255 |
Summary | p. 255 |
Key Terms | p. 256 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 256 |
Research Projects | p. 256 |
Drafting Projects | p. 256 |
11 Chapter 11: Complex Reorganizations | p. 257 |
The Management of a Chapter 11 Debtor | p. 257 |
The Debtor in Possession | p. 257 |
The Appointment of a Trustee | p. 258 |
The Creditors' Committee | p. 259 |
Administering the Chapter 11 Case | p. 261 |
Joint Administration | p. 261 |
Substantive Consolidation | p. 264 |
Limiting Notice | p. 267 |
Employees | p. 267 |
Relationships with Suppliers | p. 271 |
Utilities | p. 271 |
Financial Reports | p. 274 |
Financing and Sale Transactions | p. 274 |
Financing Operations | p. 274 |
Use, Sale, and Lease of Property | p. 280 |
The Plan | p. 281 |
Plan Exclusivity | p. 281 |
The Disclosure Statement | p. 282 |
The Plan | p. 284 |
Approval of the Disclosure Statement | p. 284 |
The Ballot | p. 288 |
The Confirmation Hearing | p. 288 |
Postconfirmation Matters | p. 290 |
Special Rules for Special Chapter 11 Cases | p. 290 |
The Single-Asset Real Estate Case | p. 290 |
The Small Business Case | p. 291 |
Employment and Compensation of Professionals | p. 292 |
Employment of Professionals | p. 292 |
Converting, Dismissing, or Closing the Chapter 11 Case | p. 296 |
Changing Chapters | p. 296 |
Dismissing a Chapter 11 Case | p. 301 |
Closing a Bankruptcy Case | p. 301 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 301 |
Summary | p. 304 |
Key Terms | p. 305 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 305 |
Research Projects | p. 306 |
Drafting Projects | p. 306 |
12 The Creditor's Perspective | p. 307 |
The Unsecured Creditor | p. 307 |
Involuntary Cases | p. 307 |
Proofs of Claim | p. 312 |
The No-Asset Case | p. 319 |
Case Monitoring | p. 319 |
Priority Creditors | p. 320 |
Administrative Creditors | p. 320 |
Lessors | p. 323 |
Reclamation | p. 327 |
Seeking a Discharge or Dischargeability Determination | p. 329 |
The Secured Creditor | p. 330 |
Proofs of Claim | p. 330 |
Cash Collateral Use | p. 330 |
Relief from the Automatic Stay | p. 333 |
Surcharge of Collateral | p. 340 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 341 |
Summary | p. 341 |
Key Terms | p. 342 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 342 |
Research Projects | p. 343 |
Drafting Project | p. 343 |
13 Taxes in Bankruptcy | p. 345 |
Taxes on the Estate | p. 345 |
Determination of Taxes | p. 345 |
Bankruptcy Court Jurisdiction Over Tax Claims | p. 345 |
The Procedure for Determining the Estate's Liability | p. 345 |
The Proper Forum for Determining the Estate's Liability | p. 346 |
Prepetition Taxes | p. 346 |
Administrative Expense Taxes | p. 347 |
Priorities of Taxes | p. 349 |
In General | p. 349 |
Postpetition Income Taxes | p. 349 |
Unsecured Prepetition Income Taxes | p. 349 |
Property Taxes | p. 350 |
Excise Taxes | p. 350 |
Penalties | p. 351 |
Nondischargeable Taxes | p. 351 |
Payment of Taxes | p. 351 |
Chapter 7 | p. 351 |
Chapter 11 | p. 352 |
Chapters 12 and 13 | p. 352 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 352 |
Summary | p. 352 |
Key Terms | p. 353 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 353 |
Research Project | p. 353 |
14 Electronic Filing | p. 355 |
What Is CM/ECF? | p. 355 |
Typical Hardware and Software | p. 356 |
Training on the System | p. 356 |
Security and Privacy Issues | p. 356 |
Future Role of Paralegals | p. 359 |
Ethical Considerations | p. 359 |
Summary | p. 360 |
Key Terms | p. 360 |
Improve Your Understanding | p. 360 |
Research Project | p. 360 |
Glossary | p. 361 |
Table of Statutes | p. 367 |
Table of Rules and Forms | p. 371 |
Bankruptcy Websites | p. 373 |
Index | p. 375 |