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Summary
Summary
Provides an analysis of the Navy's vital contribution to victory in the Gulf War. Describes the Navy's carrier and cruise missile strike operations, bombardment of enemy forces in Kuwait by battleships, embargo of enemy oceangoing commerce, and the sealift effort. Details key figures, and candidly evaluates problems that surfaced during the war in interservice relations. Also explores the Navy's actions in the region before the war, and analyzes its role in foreign policy since the war. Includes bandw photos and two-color maps. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Reviews (1)
Choice Review
Service historians Marolda and Schneller ably depict the role played by US Navy air and surface forces in the 1991 war against Iraq. The authors devote considerable attention to logistics, special operations, and coalition naval forces, and provide the broader strategic context both prior to and after Desert Storm. For instance, they examine the navy's role in redeploying US forces following the Iraqi surrender, aiding the reconstruction of Kuwait, and providing humanitarian aid to rebel Kurds and Shiites in Iraq. The treatment is candid, with an especially keen dissection of the US Navy's failings in mine warfare and in interservice command and control functions. Overall though, the authors are able to paint a navy at the "top of its game." Their analysis is persuasive, and their style readable. The voluminous source citations are alone worth the price of the volume. Highly recommended. M. Muir Jr. Austin Peay State University
Table of Contents
Foreword | p. xiii |
Preface | p. xv |
Acknowledgments | p. xvii |
Chapter 1. Passage to Desert Shield | p. 3 |
America and the Persian Gulf in the Early Years | p. 4 |
Creation and Evolution of Central Command | p. 13 |
Legacy of the Vietnam War | p. 20 |
Rebirth of the Fleet and the Maritime Strategy | p. 25 |
The Tanker War | p. 32 |
End of the Cold War | p. 40 |
The Iraq-Kuwait Crisis | p. 43 |
The Invasion of Kuwait | p. 52 |
Decision to Intervene | p. 54 |
Chapter 2. Building the Shield | p. 59 |
Holding the Line | p. 59 |
Window of Vulnerability | p. 66 |
The Naval Command | p. 79 |
The Embargo | p. 83 |
Sealift | p. 96 |
Fleet and Shore-based Logistic Support | p. 102 |
Shield in Place | p. 110 |
Chapter 3. The Gathering Storm | p. 111 |
Over to the Attack | p. 111 |
Naval Deployments to the Gulf | p. 121 |
Deployment of the VII Corps and the Phase II Buildup | p. 131 |
Preparations for War | p. 135 |
Continuing Operations | p. 146 |
Life in the War Zone | p. 153 |
Countdown to War | p. 163 |
Chapter 4. Attack by Air and Sea | p. 167 |
The Desert Storm Plan and Composite Warfare Doctrine | p. 167 |
The Air Campaign: D-Day and D+1 | p. 170 |
Problems of the Air Campaign | p. 183 |
The Great Scud Hunt | p. 196 |
Deluge from Above | p. 198 |
Fleet Defense and the Allied Right Flank | p. 202 |
Storm in the Northern Gulf | p. 210 |
Saddam Strikes Back | p. 226 |
Bubiyan Turkey Shoot | p. 229 |
Chapter 5. Preparing the Battlefield | p. 233 |
"First we're going to cut it off, ..." | p. 233 |
Interdiction | p. 236 |
Kill Boxes | p. 238 |
Gauging the Effectiveness of Phase III Air Attacks | p. 241 |
The Strategic Air Campaign in February | p. 245 |
The Right Feint | p. 247 |
Ground Forces Move into Attack Positions | p. 269 |
Eleventh Hour Measures | p. 274 |
Chapter 6. The Final Assault | p. 277 |
Preliminary Operations | p. 277 |
G-Day | p. 282 |
Closing on the Iraqi Army in Kuwait | p. 292 |
Rout of the Iraqi Army | p. 297 |
An Aerial and Armored Blitz Ends the War | p. 302 |
Temporary Cease-Fire | p. 304 |
Chapter 7. After the Storm | p. 307 |
Defense of Kuwait | p. 307 |
Safwan | p. 309 |
The Prisoner Release | p. 312 |
Reconstruction of Kuwait | p. 314 |
Postwar Mine Countermeasures | p. 320 |
Redeployment of Central Command Forces | p. 325 |
Military Sealift Command Empties the Desert | p. 329 |
The Welcome Home | p. 331 |
Reorganization of NAVCENT | p. 334 |
Enforcing the Peace | p. 337 |
Chapter 8. Summary | p. 355 |
Prologue to the War | p. 355 |
Navy Shortcomings | p. 358 |
Hardening the Shield | p. 360 |
Increasing the Pressure on Saddam | p. 362 |
Gearing Up for Battle | p. 365 |
Littoral Combat in the Persian Gulf | p. 369 |
The Air War | p. 369 |
The Maritime Assault on Kuwait | p. 376 |
Maintaining Peace and Learning from the Gulf War Experience | p. 381 |
Abbreviations | p. 387 |
Notes | p. 393 |
Bibliography | p. 449 |
Index | p. 491 |
Maps | |
Central Command Theater | p. 6 |
Indian Ocean | p. 15 |
Tanker War Operations | p. 34 |
The Air Assault on Iraq | p. 171 |
UN Naval Forces in the Persian Gulf, 17 January 1991 | p. 177 |
Iraqi Air Attack in the Gulf, 24 January 1991 | p. 206 |
Naval Operations in the Northern Gulf, 17 January-2 February 1991 | p. 211 |
Kill Boxes in the KTO | p. 239 |
Desert Storm Mine Clearance Operations | p. 248 |
Disposition of Iraqi Ground Divisions, 23 February 1991 | p. 271 |
Ground Assault on Southern Kuwait, 24-28 February 1991 | p. 278 |
UN Naval Forces in the Persian Gulf, 24 February 1991 | p. 281 |
Liberation of Kuwait | p. 291 |
Reopening of Kuwait | p. 321 |
Tables | |
1. Iraq's Navy | p. 68 |
2. NAVCENT Command Structure (18 August to 26 December) | p. 84 |
3. Navy Special Warfare Forces in Desert Shield and Desert Storm | p. 122 |
4. Port Security and Harbor Defense Command | p. 124 |
5. NAVCENT Command Structure (26 December 1990 onward) | p. 139 |
6. North Arabian Gulf Mine Statistics | p. 324 |
Illustrations | |
Guided missile frigate Taylor in the Persian Gulf | p. 4 |
Aircraft carrier Dwight D. Eisenhower in the Suez Canal | p. 5 |
Oil platforms | p. 10 |
Nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser California | p. 14 |
Secretary of the Navy John F. Lehman Jr. | p. 21 |
Guided missile destroyer Coontz and Soviet guided missile cruiser | p. 25 |
Battleship Iowa tests long-range naval guns | p. 26 |
SPY-1A radar and other components of Aegis antiair warfare system | p. 29 |
Reflagged Kuwaiti tankers in Operation Earnest Will | p. 32 |
Guided missile frigate Stark, hit by Iraqi Exocet missiles | p. 36 |
Captured Iranian mine layer Iran Ajr | p. 37 |
American destroyer shells Iranian oil platforms | p. 39 |
Iranian frigate Sahand burns after hits by Harpoons | p. 39 |
"Saddam Hussein" | p. 44 |
General Colin Powell briefs President Bush | p. 55 |
Antietam, Reasoner, Jouett, and Brewton | p. 60 |
British destroyer York | p. 62 |
Muammar al-Qaddafi | p. 63 |
Marine amphibious vehicle is unloaded from Baldomero Lopez | p. 65 |
Marines board Military Airlift Command passenger plane | p. 66 |
Vice Admiral Mauz and Lieutenant General Boomer | p. 71 |
Armed Sea Raider utility craft patrols Manama harbor | p. 72 |
Dutch heavy lift ship Super Servant III, Avenger, and Adroit | p. 76 |
Navy MH-53E Sea Dragon mine countermeasures helicopter | p. 76 |
P-3 Orion patrol plane | p. 90 |
Goldsborough sailor trains his 50-caliber machine gun | p. 92 |
British Royal Marines "fast rope" from Lynx helicopter | p. 93 |
SEAL Team 8 in training mission | p. 94 |
M1A1 Abrams main battle tank unloaded | p. 96 |
A ship prepares to offload military vehicles | p. 99 |
Sacramento refuels Missouri and Wisconsin | p. 103 |
Gunner's mates attach cables to a 16-inch shell | p. 104 |
Hospital ship Comfort | p. 106 |
Lieutenant Susan Globokar (CEC) | p. 108 |
Fleet Hospital 5 at al-Jubayl | p. 109 |
Lieutenant General Charles A. Horner | p. 115 |
Generals Norman Schwarzkopf and Colin Powell | p. 119 |
Lieutenant Kelly Franke prepares to board her Sea King helicopter | p. 125 |
Canadian Commodore Ken Summers | p. 128 |
Battle Force Yankee | p. 136 |
Rear Admirals Riley D. Mixson and George N. Gee | p. 140 |
HMAS Brisbane sailors arm a Phalanx | p. 142 |
American and Dutch medical personnel | p. 144 |
"The Ibn Khaldoon Peace Ship" | p. 152 |
Saratoga chemical drill | p. 155 |
Iraqi psychological warfare leaflets | p. 158 |
Navy nurses | p. 159 |
General Powell welcomed by Wisconsin's sailors | p. 162 |
Comedian Jay Leno | p. 162 |
A-7 Corsair II is catapulted from John F. Kennedy | p. 169 |
Tomahawk land attack missile launch | p. 169 |
"Tomahawk in Downtown Baghdad" | p. 173 |
Carrier-based EA-6B Prowler | p. 174 |
Air-to-surface missile launched by a Corsair | p. 175 |
High-speed anti-radiation missile (HARM) | p. 176 |
"A Hornet Stings" | p. 179 |
Lieutenant Commander Mark Fox | p. 180 |
Vice Admiral Stanley R. Arthur | p. 182 |
An Air Force KC-135E and a Navy A-6E refuel Navy EA-6Bs | p. 191 |
Submarine launched Tomahawk cruise missile | p. 193 |
Precision guided munitions are readied on deck | p. 195 |
An E-2C Hawkeye prepares to "catch a wire" | p. 200 |
Iraqi concrete aircraft shelters | p. 201 |
Commander John Leenhouts, Executive Officer of VA-72 | p. 201 |
Aegis guided missile cruiser Bunker Hill | p. 204 |
HMAS Brisbane | p. 210 |
Ranger refuels HNLMS Jacob Van Heemskerck | p. 212 |
U.S. Army OH-58D Kiowa Warrior helicopter | p. 213 |
"Seizure of the ad-Dorra Oil Platforms" | p. 214 |
"A Navy LAMPS III Rescues a Downed American Pilot" | p. 215 |
"The Lynx and Its Prey" | p. 223 |
"The Liberation of Qaruh" | p. 225 |
A-6E Intruder launches a Skipper laser guided bomb | p. 228 |
Iraqi warship under attack during the "Bubiyan Turkey Shoot" | p. 228 |
An Iraqi FPB-57 lies dead in the water | p. 230 |
Commanders Richard Cassara and Richard Noble | p. 231 |
Superstructure of sunken Iraqi naval vessel | p. 232 |
U.S. psychological warfare leaflet | p. 238 |
Marine AV-8B Harriers | p. 241 |
Aerial photo of al-Qaim | p. 243 |
Beach defenses on the coast of Kuwait | p. 249 |
Antipersonnel mines and wire entanglements | p. 251 |
General Al Gray, Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps | p. 252 |
Wisconsin's 16-inch gun shells Iraqi positions | p. 257 |
Unmanned aerial vehicle | p. 258 |
Captain Peter Bulkeley chalks a message to Saddam Hussein | p. 259 |
American sailor on the lookout for Iraqi mines | p. 261 |
Detonation of an Iraqi sea mine | p. 262 |
Mine damage to Tripoli | p. 268 |
Seabee earthmoving equipment | p. 272 |
The al-Khanjar logistics support site | p. 273 |
Marine M60A1 mine-clearing tank | p. 282 |
"A Navy Corpsman and Marine Infantrymen on G-day" | p. 284 |
Marines move captured Iraqi soldiers to the rear | p. 287 |
Chinese-made Iraqi HY-2 Silkworm antiship missile | p. 293 |
Naval medical personnel move a wounded marine | p. 295 |
Destroyed Soviet-made Iraqi tank | p. 298 |
Light armored vehicles secure Kuwait International Airport | p. 299 |
M1A1 Abrams main battle tanks traverse the Iraqi desert | p. 303 |
Jubilant coalition troops celebrate the liberation of Kuwait | p. 306 |
"Iraqis on Faylaka Surrender to a UAV" | p. 308 |
General Schwarzkopf and Saudi General Sultan at Safwan | p. 311 |
Navy medical personnel tend to Air Force Captain William Andrews | p. 313 |
Dead Iraqi swimmer | p. 315 |
Navy EOD diver prepares to destroy a LUGM sea mine | p. 316 |
British EOD divers return to shore | p. 317 |
Opening the port of Ash Shuaybah | p. 318 |
U.S. Army heavy lift vessel Algiers raises a destroyed Iraqi combatant | p. 319 |
Rear Admiral Taylor briefs the press | p. 323 |
UN coalition's postwar mine clearance flotilla | p. 323 |
Cleaned Abrams tanks and plastic-encased Chinook helicopters | p. 326 |
Honoring of Lieutenants Robert Wetzel, Lawrence Slade, and Jeffrey Zaun | p. 332 |
Ticker-tape victory parade in New York City | p. 332 |
Officers of Thomas S. Gates | p. 333 |
Admiral Kelso confers with Rear Admiral Taylor | p. 335 |
Kurds' winter encampment near Turkey | p. 337 |
Amphibious assault ships Wasp and Guadalcanal | p. 339 |
A Kurdish tent camp in northern Iraq | p. 340 |
Crewmen of HMAS Darwin prepare to board Iraqi merchant ship | p. 341 |
Colonel Nasser al-Husainan receives medal | p. 342 |
U.S.-Kuwaiti combined exercises | p. 345 |
F-14 Tomcat in Operation Southern Watch | p. 347 |
F/A-18 Hornet heads for a no-fly zone in Iraq | p. 349 |
Carrier Nimitz and command ship LaSalle | p. 351 |